1. What is Torque?

Torque is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object. It represents how much a force acting on an object causes that object to rotate around an axis. The magnitude of torque depends on the amount of force applied, the distance from the axis (radius), and the angle between the force vector and the lever arm.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the torque equation:

Where:

• \( \tau \) — Torque (Newton-meters)
• \( r \) — Radius or lever arm length (meters)
• \( F \) — Force applied (Newtons)
• \( \theta \) — Angle between force vector and lever arm (degrees)

Explanation: The sine function accounts for the component of force that is perpendicular to the lever arm, which is the only component that contributes to rotational motion.

3. Importance of Torque Calculation

Details: Torque calculation is essential in mechanical engineering, automotive design, robotics, and physics. It helps determine the rotational force needed for various applications such as tightening bolts, designing engines, and analyzing mechanical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter radius in meters, force in Newtons, and angle in degrees. All values must be valid (radius > 0, force > 0, angle between 0-360 degrees). The calculator automatically converts angle from degrees to radians for the trigonometric calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the angle important in torque calculation?
A: The angle determines how much of the applied force actually contributes to rotation. Maximum torque occurs when the force is perpendicular to the lever arm (θ = 90°).

Q2: What happens when the angle is 0° or 180°?
A: When the force is parallel to the lever arm (θ = 0° or 180°), sin(θ) = 0, resulting in zero torque as no rotational force is generated.

Q3: What are typical units for torque?
A: The SI unit is Newton-meter (N·m). Other common units include pound-feet (lb·ft) and dyne-centimeter (dyn·cm).

Q4: How does torque differ from force?
A: Force causes linear acceleration, while torque causes angular acceleration. Torque is the rotational equivalent of force.

Q5: Where is torque calculation used in real life?
A: Torque calculations are used in automotive engineering (engine performance), construction (bolt tightening), sports (golf swings, baseball bats), and many mechanical systems where rotation occurs.